Acne Research Paper

Scientists have demonstrated the use of living bacteria to modulate skin microbiome composition.

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Acne usually starts in teenagers and can persist into adulthood, with up to half of women and 40% of men affected. Besides permanent scarring, the condition, which affects around 650 million people worldwide, can lead to anxiety and depression.Many receptors, cytokines, chemokines and other proinflammatory mediators are implicated, and nutrition, the skin microbiome and genetics of both the patient and the bacteria living in the follicle may also be involved triggers the innate immune response by activating toll-like receptors (TLRs — gatekeepers in the immune response) on the surface of keratinocytes and immune cells such as monocytes, causing the release of inflammatory cytokines.More recently, a second gatekeeper called the NLRP3 inflammasome (a multi-protein component of the innate immune system) was also shown to be activated, leading to the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, especially IL-1β possibly could be treated by selectively targeting IL-1β or TLRs.“We need small molecules acting upstream or downstream of IL-1β, oral or preferably topical,” says Anton Alexandroff, consultant dermatologist and spokesperson for London-based charity British Skin Foundation.The work has shown that the most common bacteria ...Scientists have successfully transformed an MRI from a diagnostic camera into a device that can record changes in the biological makeup of brain tissue. People with homes damaged by extreme weather events are more likely to experience mental health issues such as depression and anxiety even when the damage is relatively minor and does not force them ...There are more and more examples of the ways in which we can benefit from our bacteria.According to new research, this is true for the skin as well.There is no cure, and available treatments have significant drawbacks, yet there have been no novel products launched over the past 10 years — innovation is long overdue.“For many years it’s been repurposing the same old stuff,” says Adam Friedman, a dermatologist at the George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington.Current treatments — of which there are many — aim to intervene at one or more of the four main stages (although the pathology is now known to be much more complex).Current treatments for acne are effective but regimens are complex and side effects are common.Better understanding of the pathology of acne is leading to identification of new, safer, treatment targets, and dermatologists and researchers in the field are excited about the pipeline.